Xiangya School of Medicine of Central South University, funded in 1914, is the first Chinese-foreign cooperatively-run medical school. The strict medical education of Xiangya has trained and brought up numerous well-known medical experts at home and abroad, such as Feifan Tang, Xiaoqian Zhang, Shaowen Xie, Zhenpian Li.The excellent level of teaching, scientific research and medical treatment of Xiangya is highly praised by the Chinese people, and Xiangya has enjoyed the reputation of "South Xiangya, North Union".

Xiangya School of Medicine is comprised of 6 schools and 4 directly affiliated hospitals which can offer 13 undergraduate medical majors.The 6 schools are Basic Medical School, Xiangya School of Public Health, Xiangya School of Stomatology, Xiangya School of Pharmacy, School of Life Sciences, and Xiangya School of Nursing. The 4 hospitals are Xiangya Hospital, the Second Xiangya Hospital, the Third Xiangya Hospital and Xiangya Stomatology Hospital.

There are 13 national scientific research platforms, 29 provincial and ministerial level scientific and technological innovation platforms, 9 national key disciplines, 61 national clinical key specialties.7 medical disciplines ESI ranked the world's top 1% and Clinical Medicine ranked the world's top 1/1000 of ESI global disciplines.

Adhering to the strategy of strengthening schools with talents, Xiangya has trained tens of thousands of medical talents, including 12 academicians of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering. In 2004, it was approved by the Ministry of Education as one of the first batch of five medical schools to carry out "Eight-Year Program of Clinical Medicine".In 2012, it was approved by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Health as the first batch of pilot universities to implement the "Excellent Doctor Education Training Program".

Foreign exchange and cooperation in Xiangya is extremely active. Every year, more than 50% of the eight-year medical students will be selected and sent to world's top universities to study, including Yale University, University of Emory and Cornell University, which has promoted a new model of joint training program for dual degree awarding at home and abroad.